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New to sound systems? Here are the basics you need to know
Are you looking to host a party or event, or simply equip your living room, but don't understand half the terms like “RMS,” “XLR,” or “woofer”? This guide is for you! Welcome to the ABCs of sound systems, a simple and practical manual that will help you understand everything, even if you're starting from scratch.
A. Understanding the components of a sound system
1. The speaker
This is the basis of sound systems. It diffuses sound. There are two types: active (with a built-in amplifier) and passive (requires an external amplifier).
2. The amplifier
It amplifies the audio signal so that the speaker can diffuse it with enough power. Only found with passive speakers.
3. The microphone
Captures the voice. It can be wired or wireless (HF).
4. The mixing board
Optional, but very useful if you have multiple audio sources (microphone, computer, instrument). It allows you to manage volume, effects, and equalization.
5. Cables
Essential for connecting everything! The most common: XLR (microphone), 6.35 mm jack, RCA, USB, Bluetooth (wireless).
B. Features to know
1. Power (Watts)
- RMS Watts: actual power, to be taken into account.
- Peak Watts (PMPO): inflated marketing value, to be ignored.
💡 For a party with 30-50 people, allow for 200-300W RMS.
2. Frequencies (Hz)
- Bass: 20 - 200 Hz
- Midrange: 200 - 2000 Hz
- Treble: 2000 - 20,000 Hz
A good system should cover all these ranges.
3. Subwoofer
Complements the speaker to boost the bass. Recommended for large parties or electronic music.
4. Connectivity
- Bluetooth: ideal for smartphones
- USB / SD: for playing music directly
- AUX / RCA: for connecting to other sources (TV, turntable, etc.)
- Microphone / guitar input: karaoke, live performances, etc.
C. Choosing the right sound equipment for your needs
1. For a party at home
- Bluetooth speaker with 100-150W RMS
- Simple connections (USB, Bluetooth)
- Understated design to blend in with your decor
2. For a party in a garden or hall
- Portable battery-powered system or active speaker
- Power > 200W RMS
- Microphone included if entertainment planned
3. For amateur or semi-professional DJs
- 2 active speakers + subwoofer
- 2- or 4-channel mixer
- Various connections (USB, XLR, RCA)
Quick glossary for beginners
- RMS: actual power of a speaker
- XLR: professional, stable, high-quality microphone cable
- Subwoofer: bass speaker
- HF / VHF / UHF: wireless microphone frequencies
- DSP: digital sound processing for better audio quality
Tips for getting started
- Test everything before each event.
- Plan ahead for cables, adapters, and power strips.
- Think about the layout: avoid placing speakers in corners.
- Check the battery life for wireless models.
News and advice
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